Session 5: Innovation, New Technologies and the Future of Social Sciences

Thursday 23 September: 10:35 - 12:05

Jungje Yoo- Policy Acceptance Model: Focus on social acceptance regarding autonomous vehicles

We are living in an era of rapid change that innovations speed up in the form of artistic intelligence, Information of Technology and autonomous vehicles. Such technological innovations can improve and threaten the lives and safety of citizens based on the direction of the government. However, new science and technology policies aimed at fostering the innovations may sometimes deepen injustice between privileged and underprivileged groups without any extensive investigation in advance. The estrangement or the enmity could end up producing social disorder and conflict due to deteriorated unemployment and shrinkage of industry development. In order to minimize this social unrest, it is essential to explore social justice and social acceptance before introducing a new science and technology policy in response to an innovation, as if a company examines consumer consciousness before commencing on a new product development. However, most of the research on autonomous vehicles considered as a technological innovation is on the safety, economics, privacy, insurance, law or ethical attributes, but few are on a social-psychological approach. Therefore, this research is going to be conducted through the key variables such as social justice, social acceptance, and policy trust on the basis of the public consciousness of autonomous vehicles.

Maresa Reill - Airports, Stakeholders and Biodiversity: The German Impact Mitigation Regulation

Biodiversity loss remains one of the most significant risks to humanity and the global economy (Dasgupta, 2021). For this reason, various countries have implemented mitigation programmes to compensate for ecosystems otherwise lost. The aim of these initiatives is “no net loss for biodiversity”. Any damage or degradation of nature should be avoided. The German Impact Mitigation Regulation (IMR) is at the forefront of preserving and protecting biodiversity in the context of construction projects and expansions. Airports in particular offer an interesting site for study as they are one of the industries most affected by IMR. The aim of this project is to better understand the process through which the IMR is operationalised in practice and how stakeholders engage with this process. For this purpose, stakeholder groups and individuals are identified based on their knowledge of, and engagement with the execution and aftermath of the IMR rule. To gain these insights this study will employ semi-structured interviews with stakeholders. Interviews will involve airport employees, experts, policy makers, local planning authorities, environmental campaigners and charities and trade unions as well as other interest groups.

Lanying Gao – The consequences of virtual shareholder meetings: evidence from COVID-19 crisis

Institutional investors, proxy advisors and other interest groups typically oppose virtual shareholder meetings (VSM). They claim that VSM can negatively impact corporate governance because they impede communication between the company and the shareholders and hinder management accountability. We use the COVID-19 crisis as a quasi-natural experiment to study the effects of virtual meetings on shareholder participation, information content, corporate governance and firm performance. Our results indicate that VSM do not affect shareholder participation, corporate governance or firm value. Our results have important implications that inform the current debate on the potential effects of relaxing state and country restrictions on this type of meeting.

Anna Davey-Mitchell – The Woman from the Future: Sophia the Robot, Simulated Female-ness, and its Implications for Women

Following their increasing introduction onto global platforms, it is important to consider the potential implications that the presence of Artificially Intelligent humanoid robots in political spheres, specifically those presented as female, could have on perceptions of and expectations for women. The image of simulated female-ness that gynoids promote is based in historical ideals of female behaviour and beauty standards and perpetuates a patriarchal standard for real women. This research piece investigates the constructions of simulated women, specifically Hanson Robotics’ Sophia the robot, within media discourses, with a view to understanding the implications that the presence of these machines has for women. The research question is: How are simulated women - such as Hanson Robotics’ Sophia the robot - constructed within selected media in popular culture and how can these constructions of simulated women be understood politically? By examining various media discourses, this piece determines the ways in which simulated women conform to pre-established gender roles and promote an ideal of female behaviour and beauty that is damaging to women in modern society. It also considers whether AI robotics should be assigned genders at all and what the problems with placing a gendered robot in positions of political power may be.

Edoardo Tozzi - Can intelligent virtual assistants affect consumers' purchase intention?

With the increasing number of people relying on smart agents to carry out their daily activities, it is crucial for both scholars and professionals in the field of consumer behaviour, marketing, and human-computer interaction, to understand whether smart agents can be perceived as trustworthy and helpful as human agents, and to which extent they can influence consumers' purchase intention. With a convenience sample size (n = 80), ANOVAs and regression analyses revealed that humans trust human agents more than smart AI agents, although these can be as effective as human agents in delivering valuable information and affecting purchase intention processes. It is hoped that this study will help other researchers and professionals in the field to get useful insights about this new technology called “smart agents” and will serve as a starting point for future research.

Jiaxi Chen - Consuming takeaway deliveries: (in)convenience and people’s everyday food practices in the pandemic

Considering food consumption as an important daily practice, this article explores how and why Bristol residents consume takeaway food – a typical type of convenient food – and how this food practice and the supporting platform technologies fit into a pandemic-based lifestyle, drawing on a qualitative analysis. The key finding of this research suggests that Bristol residents have normalised takeaway food consumption and have their own strategies to keep it healthy and safe during lockdown. However, although convenience is mentioned by most participants, its meanings are diverse and based on people’s everyday routine. Moreover, inconvenience also exists, reflecting a dynamic picture of how technologies, food services and people’s lifestyle coordinate at this special time. This research suggests that social studies on food practices should take materiality and daily routine into more considerations. This research can be read as a contribution to the existing body of literature on convenient food and its embeddedness in everyday life, particularly in the context of a public health event.